Thursday, June 1, 2017

A New Name for the So-Called "Civil Marriage"

        Labels do matter, despite the famous maxim by William Shakespeare that “a rose by any other name is just as sweet”. This still holds true especially in labelling things and abstract concepts. Inevitably, this leads to adding more definitions to names and thus to the use of retronyms.

        For example, people have attached the adjective acoustic to the word guitar to distinguish it from the electric guitar after the advent of the latter. Moreover, the show Star Trek that ran from 1966 to 1969 gradually received the subtitle “The Original Series” after the release of Star Trek: The Next Generation, Star Trek: Deep Space Nine, Star Trek: Voyager, Star Trek: Enterprise, and Star Trek: Discovery.

        Such examples of coined retronyms might help explain why many religious denominations, especially the Christian ones, object to governmental extension of the definition of marriage to include non-heterocissexual people, since they see it as conceptual appropriation. The dispute over such an extension goes hand in hand with the struggle of such people to achieve the same civil rights as everybody else, leading inevitably to a conflict with the freedom of each citizen to practise one’s religion.

        People from both the Right and the Left have been speaking for and against marriage for non-heterocissexual people, and they have been using various strategies to put their advocacies into practice. For example, some countries have referring to their “civil marriages” as “civil unions” and “domestic partnerships”, but such actions have failed to satisfy the rest of the citizens. The author has drawn upon conjugal terminology to suggest a better new name for “civil marriage”: nuption. The author hopes that such a solution might satisfy all citizens from various ideological persuasions.

        The suggestion would go like this: the word marriage would go back at the hands of religious denominations, and the government would now label “civil marriage” as nuption. The latter can do whatever it wants with nuption, but the author would like to recommend some rules for nuption. First, appoint a “nuptializer”, a special governmental officer whose sole function is to formalize nuptializations. Second, require pairs under nuptializations to renew their pledges every year, month, week, or day to eliminate the need for divorce. Third and lastly, require a rigorous test on a pair to determine if they deserve to enter nuption.

        The solution brings certain advantages on both religious and nonreligious people. First, nonreligious people such as atheists with no ties to any religion can enter an arrangement separate from marriage, which would now return to religious domain. Second, religious ministers with objections to extending marriage to include pairs of the same sex can now take a very deep breath, as the government can no longer require them to formalize the unions of such pairs. Third and lastly, such a solution would uphold the separation of government and religion.


        Marginalized people such non-heterocissexual people certainly deserve fundamental human rights, but it does not mean that any government should force religious denominations that object to giving them the licence to engage in non-coital intercourse in the form of marriage to do otherwise. Crises sometimes demand more solutions that are creative and acceptable to all at the same time. Let religion have the word marriage back, and let the government keep its nuption.

Friday, May 19, 2017

The Elohim are not Gods

Psalm 82:1 in its original Hebrew version literally reads, “Elohim stands in the council of El. He judges among elohim”. English translators of the Bible have usually rendered el or eloah and elim or elohim as “god” and “gods”, respectively. Eloah is the long variant of el, and it might have referred to a member of a group of elim.

The appearances of such words in the original Hebrew version of the Bible have been perplexing Christian translators for centuries, since translating them as “god” and “gods” would undermine the cornerstone of Christian belief, monotheism or recognition, belief, and worship of only one God.

To believe in a Bible that acknowledges the existence of many deities is unpalatable, but this need not be the case. The author would take his cue from the works of biblical scholar Michael S. Heiser to formulate a resolution to the dilemma.

Elohim in Hebrew is plural, especially when the plural form of a verb antecedes it, but its grammatical number is still unsure when a singular one does. Most commentators have been regarding it as a plurality of “majesty” or “excellence”, but the author would contend that elohim functions as a collective noun when the singular form of a verb antecedes it. Such a function has a precedent in the Hebrew word for Egyptians: Mizraim.

Mizraim means “Egyptians” when the plural form of a verb antecedes it, but “Egypt” or “Egyptian people” when a singular one does. Therefore, the Hebrew Scriptures have indicated that a divine council (not a pantheon) headed by Yahweh guides the course of the universe, as Heiser argued in his studies.

How would English translators of the Bible render the words el and eloah, as well as, elim and elohim? They must keep in mind that only Yahweh can be God, so what would such words mean? Heiser argued that the words refer to any dweller of the dimension of spirits. He included angels, souls of dead persons, and daemons in his description of elohim.

Linguists have traditionally derived el and eloah from a proto-Semitic root that meant, “To be strong”, conjuring the ideas of leadership and power. Therefore, the author would define an el as a divine master, eloah as a divine manager, and elohim with the singular form of a verb as a divine management.


In the end, Christian believers need not despair whenever they encounter supposedly unpalatable passages in the Bible. Nobody except Yahweh is God. There is only a divine management consisting of divine masters headed by Yahweh.

Thursday, May 18, 2017

Kohen and Hiereus Do Not Mean “Priest”

Every Christian denomination affirms of every believer in Jesus to direct access to God, but the denominations themselves have trouble conceiving it correctly. Catholic and Orthodox churches criticize other Christian denominations for supposedly making clergy even of their laities, while the latter have accused the former of denying the right to direct access to God to theirs, just because of the confusion over a simple word: priest.

Christians have translated the Hebrew-Aramaic-Greek Bible into different languages, including English. The word priest comes from the Greek masculine comparative adjective presbuteros, which means “older”. However, English translators of the Bible have used the word to translate not only presbuteros, but also the Hebrew word kohen and its Greek counterpart hiereus, both of which denote a permanent attendant of a deity, since they can find no other better word to translate both. Sacerd, the Anglo-Saxon transliteration of the Latin word sacerdos, has all but disappeared in usage.

As a result, non-Catholic and non-Orthodox Christians have thought that there should no distinction between the clergy and the laity, since they think that all believers have direct access to God. Catholic and Orthodox Christians have the fair share of the blame for overemphasis on clerical ministry at the expense of lay ministry. The right way to perceive Christian ministry is this: every believer has the right to direct access to God, but not all believers can join the clergy.

How can Christians rectify such a problem? They should start to translate more accurately. In ancient Israel, kohanim as representatives of God sprinkled blood on the altar, tore the sacrifices, and burned the pieces. The author would suggest the use of the word “officiant” to translate both kohen and hiereus, leaving “priest” as the only translation of presbuteros.


Words and their denotations do matter, and they change because of how people use them, but they must not sully the actual message of the Bible. 

Friday, December 30, 2016

REBORN FROM THE ASHES

(I made this story to see how the recently concluded television series Downton Abbey could be integrated with my dream PokéDC Universe, should Warner Brothers succeed in buying rights to both Pokémon and the show. Downton Abbey is a property of ITV. Superman is a property of DC Comics. Pokémon is a property of Game Freak and the Pokémon Company International. No infringement is intended.)
HYPOTHETICAL CAST:

Nathan Kress as Kal-El/Clark Kent/Superman 
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William Shatner as Perry White 
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Felicity Huffman as Frannie Pendleton, leading reporter of the Daily Planet (my original character) 
Michelle Dockery as Dr. Regina Brooke Burton/Pounder (my original character) 

Dan Stevens as Matthew Crawley/Slashburn
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STORY:
Silence and breeze virtually rule the cityscape of Metropolis in the southernmost part of Illinois. So far, no crime has touched the streets since Superman, Satoshi Yūzaki (Ash Ketchum), and their allies have defeated a clan of vampires trying to take over the United States.
Now, joyful laughs and funmaking dominate the building of the Daily Planet. From the editor-in-chief Perry White down to the receptionists, the entire staff celebrate the success of "Luthor Linked to Secret Arms Deal", a hit headline story by Frannie Pendleton, aunt to the young Lois Lane.
The newsroom is filled with people close to Frannie, including the neophyte Clark Kent and a certain Regina Brooke Burton, a scientist cursed by an industrial accident to turn into a giant rock monster, the Pounder, if provoked to anger.
The table on the newsroom is laid with assorted foods, a bottle of Martini, and posh glasses.
"Oh, thank you, everyone for celebrating our paper's success, but I may not be able to write such an article if people like Brooke, Clark, and Perry didn't give me some insights on the case. The Daily Planet has become a family to me", Frannie expresses her gratitude.
"I know you can do it, Pendleton", Perry affirms.
"Don't mention it, hun", Brooke says.
"Hey, Mrs. Pendleton, you can even let me give your enthusiastic niece some journalistic training", Clark suggests.
The whole crew then proceeds to eating, drinking, doing charades, and singing at the karaoke.
At nearly 1:00 a.m. does the party end. Clark, Perry, Brooke, and Frannie, as well as the other guests, exit the building. Then, they see a flame rocketing above the skies.
It was bright enough, yet it is no ordinary flame. The flame appears to be heading towards Brooke, but it does not touch her or go near her. The flame looks human. Better yet, it is human, only endowed with superpowers.
"Mary, my love, let us go home! George is waiting for our loving hands. We'll no longer have to part ways. I'm alive! Come with me please!", says the flaming human, hovering a few feet off the ground.
"You're mistaking me for somebody else", Brooke denies.
"But you are Mary. My eyes can't lie to me", says the flaming human.
"I'm sorry, whoever you are, but I'm Dr. Regina Brooke Burton".
"You don't have to hide from me, sweet Mary Josephine Crawley".
Then, those words from the flaming human gives Clark a clue on it really is.
"Crawley, that's it! Certainly, you're Matthew Crawley, husband to Mary and father to George. I know you're from Downton Abbey! We mean you no harm, my friend, but Brooke is not Mary Crawley. I mean no offense, but Mary's still dead", Clark nervously explains to the resurrected Matthew.
"How do you know my name, lad?", Matthew asks Clark.
"I'm aware of a television series based on your lives, although I never watched it myself", Clark answered.
"Ah, I see".
"Hi, I'm Clark Kent, reporter from the Daily Planet. This is my editor-in-chief, Perry White. This is my colleague Francine Pendleton, who takes care of the hard news. Well, there's, you know, the one who introduced herself to you".
"I don't understand all of this. Why is my body on fire? Why did I live again if I died during the war in Europe? Who raised me from the dead and gave me the power to burn and fly and throw flames at anything!? Can somebody please answer me!?"
"Matthew, we don't know how you got there, but we promise to help you find out".
"Thank you, Clark. You are of such good help to me for now".
Atop the globe of the Daily Planet building stands the mighty Mewtwo, with his eyes looking at the five baffled souls, particularly Matthew, saying, "You will know at the right time why I revived you, my herald".

THE BIG SWITCH (A Story about the Community of LGBTIQ)

(Superman and Vartox belongs to DC Comics. Pocket Monsters belongs to Nintendo, Game Freak, and the Pokémon Company International. No copyright infringement intended.)

HYPOTHETICAL CAST:
Nathan Kress as Kal-El/Clark Kent/Superman
Adam Sandler as Vartox

STORY:
Vartox was walking around the lounge of the headquarters of the Catch-Alls at night when he saw a perplexed Superman reclining on a couch, with his hands folded against his lips and his eyes fixated on the ceiling, wondering what he must do next to save the world.

"You must be worried about something. You can tell me your problem, fella", Vartox offered Superman a chance for a good talk.

The last Kryptonian promptly agreed. "I badly wanted to help feminine men and masculine women without having them transition. I mean, I have no device that make swapping of bodies possible", he said.

"OK, I get what you mean. C'mon, I'll show you something", Vartox replied.

Vartox and Superman then proceeded to the former's arsenal, still inside the headquarters. Vartox then pointed to a bronze tool that looked like a large set of handcuffs.

"Is this what are you looking for?", Vartox asked Superman.

"Tell me first what it is, just for me to know what it is", Superman answered.

"Well, we Valeronians call this one the 'psychopneumatic exchanger'. It enables two persons of different sexes, races, or even species to exchange souls and spirits. That explains the name of the device. You would simply cuff their arms, press this blue button, watch their souls and spirits switch bodies, and presto, they're all set", Vartox explained.

"We'll have that one, but we need to put it to the test", Superman suggested.

"Game", Vartox smugly agreed. "I've been seeing none of my inventions fail".

The two later flew to Thailand, where "reassignment of sex" is in demand, looking for test subjects. They luckily found a pair at a beach in Phuket: a feminine man and a masculine woman, none of whom had transitioned yet.

"Good evening, friends, you two are guessing why Vartox and I are here. My good man here has a device that could enable, let's say, a man and a woman, to swap bodies literally, and we're looking for our very first volunteers for the experiment. You can slap me for free if the experiment doesn't work. Are you two willing to volunteer?", Superman said.

"Why not, I'm all for it! I want to be a girl so badly", said the feminine Thai man. The masculine woman simply nodded.

"If you don't mind me asking you two personal questions, why does each of you wants to belong to the opposite sex?", Superman asked.

"I want to do girly things like having long hair and wearing fancy dresses", the feminine man answered.

"I want to do things like driving trucks, you know", the masculine woman answered.

Superman found their answers quite cliché. "Anyway, let's all proceed to the experiment, OK"?

Superman and Vartox cuffed the two queer Thais, and the former pressed the button. Then, a glowing blue light emanated from the two Thais. Superman simply gasped in disbelief.

The procedure took more or less 4 minutes, after which the light subsided. Superman was still skeptical about the process. "I wonder if this is some kind of a trick", he thought.

This was the moment of truth. Superman must ask the two queer Thais again to confirm if their exchange of souls and spirits succeeded.

"How are you two feeling?", asked the Man of Steel.

Surprisingly, the man started to act masculine though confused. The woman became feminine though still confused as well. The procedure was a success! Vartox has made a breaktgrough. His invention would eliminate the need for surgery to switch from one sex to another. No longer would feminine men and masculine women to feel discomfort in their bodies for so long.

Well, Superman's alter ego Clark Kent constantly feels constrained being male. Would he take the process too?

Thursday, March 3, 2016

Feeling Like a Loser? Don't Worry. I Feel the Same Way, Too, and We Probably Know Why.

Imagine yourself as a member of a soccer team. You and four of your teammates scored plus points for the team, but the rest fail to score and even suffered penalties, while most players from the opposing team score more points during a match. The opposing team won, and the team of which you are a member lost as a result. What would you feel? You would usually feel bad about the defeat, even though you have nothing to do directly with it. Why is it so?

Part of the answer may lie in the public generalization of a group in terms of its average character deduced from the performances of all of its members. A concrete analogy for this one is a stained shirt. The stain may not affect some portions, but the entire shirt has blemish.

People certainly generalize a group positively if its members who perform positive actions outnumber those who perform negative ones. Some decent people may feel that the actions of others who belong to the same group as they do water down their efforts because of this.

People usually tend to evaluate a group based on what its majority thinks, says, and acts, which could affect the rest of the group, as well as those to whom the majority does them. It could either spell benefit or damage to the psyches of the members of a group.

For example, affected individuals take measures to prevent males from committing major crimes such as robbery, murder, or rape as their peers have done, because more males than females commit such crimes. Males protecting their females from other males, confrontational feminist slogans, and socio-legal and psychological deterrents to all males are examples.

Experts call the positive phenomenon "basking in reflected glory" and the negative one "cutting off reflected failure".
When a person "basks in reflected glory", one feels very positive for the accomplishments of one's peers and may even claim them for oneself. When that person "cuts off reflected failure", one tries to dissociate oneself from the shortcomings of one's peers, referring to them as "them".

People tend to forget that they carry the reputations of their peer groups, and that public image DOES matter. I only hope that each of us will be careful not to do anything that could destroy our images and those of our peer groups.

Tuesday, May 5, 2015

On the Shortage of Priests and the Possibility of Clerical Marriage

A priest in the truest sense of the word
With the decreasing number of Catholic priests to administer the sacraments coupled by a growing number of cases of paedophilia, ephebophilia, rape, and other forms of sexual harassment and abuse by notorious (mostly homosexual) Catholic clergymen, the Catholic Church at large finds itself in a desperate situation to fill the gap made by these tragic moments in the history of Catholicism, at least in the Latin Rite. One example is the widespread though relatively unknown practise of ordaining as priests married male converts to Catholicism from mostly mainline Protestant denominations, while continuing their regular marital relations with their (lay) wives. In some cases, older men, single, divorced, or widowed, enter the priesthood as well (the so-called "late vocations"). The fact is, however, these solutions do little to alleviate the steady decline in the number of men wanting to become clergymen.

To make things worse, some dissident voices within the Church are suggesting that the Catholic hierarchy ordain husbands, homosexuals, and women to the clergy, as well as allow single and widowed clerics, respectively, to get married and remarried (such as the priest-fathers in Iloilo). Schismatic "Catholic" groups are now doing them outside the auspices of the Church, as do rogue Catholic bishops in their respective dioceses (one sad case being the illegal ordination of seven women to the priesthood by Bishop Romulo A. Braschi of Argentina in a cruise ship in the River Danube back in 2002), with their actions being rewarded with excommunication.

These groups do have some point in justifying their actions (fighting inequality and injustice against women, restoring the original practise of the early church, eliminating sexual abuse by clergy, etc.), yet what they tend to forget is that they are not solving the shortage of clergymen in a properly appropriate way. They have no idea how to increase vocations to the clergy without having to resort to breaking the canon law and apostolic tradition. Clerical celibacy is a discipline, not a dogma, but the Church may only go as far as ordaining husbands as priests, only to prohibit them for getting remarried should they become widowed. The Church would even think twice as to whether it could let single and widowed clerics, respectively, get married and remarried, or not. However, I think that there is a way for the Church to permit the latter to happen without stepping on both apostolic tradition and canon law. 

What is Clerical Celibacy? 

Narrowly defined, clerical celibacy (Celibacy came from the Latin adjective caelebs, meaning "unmarried", so celibacy should be synonymous with "singlehood", not "abstinence from copulation", contrary to what the so-called "celibacy advocates" perpetuate) refers to a rule of ordaining only bachelors (and occasionally, divorced men and widowers) and prohibiting them from getting married (and in cases of divorced men and widowers, getting remarried) to ensure continence (abstinence from copulation) on their part. 

When Did the Church Start to Implement Clerical Celibacy? 

We must recognize that the polity of the Christian church in the first century AD given in the Christian Greek Scriptures ("New Testament") is scanty. Nevertheless, we can infer from them that the early church ordained married fathers. Matthew 8:14, Mark 1:30, and Luke 4:38 narrated that Jesus Christ healed the penthera, which literally means "mother of the wife" in Greek, of his apostle Simon Peter (although it is possible that either Simon Peter was widowed, or he and his brother Andrew had other siblings who were married, thus accounting for the fact that they had a penthera. Father Joseph Francis Sheehan argued a century earlier that penthera could also mean "stepmother"). 1 Timothy 3:2 and 12 and Titus 1:6 instructed leaders of local churches to ordain a mias gunaikos andra, which literally means "man of one woman" in Greek, who keeps "his children under control", as a bishop, priest, or deacon. Yet, Paul considers singlehood as superior to marriage in 1 Corinthians 7:8 and 34. Furthermore, he advises younger widows to get remarried in 1 Timothy 5:14. He warned his readers of people who would hinder anybody from getting married and who abstain from food in 4:1-5. Hebrews 13:4 praises marriage yet indicts sexual transgressors. In 1 Corinthians 9:5, Paul asks his readers whether he had the authority to "lead about" a "sister-woman" during his missionary journeys or not.

It was only after the apostolic period that the early Christian church came up with a clarified teaching on celibacy and continence of the clergy. Let us take an example from the Council of Elvira from about 305 AD: 

(Canon 33): It is decided that marriage [and remarriage] be altogether prohibited to [single and widowed] bishops, priests, and deacons, or to all clerics placed in the ministry [to laywomen], and that they keep away from their [lay] wives and not beget children; whoever does this shall be deprived of the honor the clerical office. 
Here is another example from the Council of Carthage from 390 AD: 
(Canon 3): It is fitting that the holy bishops and priests of God as well as the Levites, i.e. those who are in the service of the divine sacraments, observe perfect continence, so that they may obtain in all simplicity what they are asking from God; what the apostles taught and what antiquity itself observed, let us also endeavor to keep... It pleases us all bishop, priest, and deacon, guardians of purity, abstain from conjugal intercourse with their wives, so that those who serve at the altar may keep a perfect chastity. 
The canons mentioned above were clear that the early church prohibited married clerics from copulating with their wives, whom the church numbered among the laity, and from getting remarried should they become widowed. Moreover, the church prohibited single clerics from getting married once the church ordained them. 

Throughout the medieval period, the church attempted in vain to enforce the norm with limited success. In fact, most of married clerics continued marital relations with their wives, and single clerics even got married after ordination. Corruption and nepotism was widespread as married clergymen passed their  Only in 1139 AD did the church succeed when it decided that it would only ordain bachelors and widowers and ruling out marriage and remarriage for them after ordination. 


Problems still ensued with the celibate clergy, however. Bishops, priests, and deacons siring children outside marriage was one of the issues from the late Middle Ages up to the time of Reformation, when Martin Luther and other Christian religious reformers denounced clerical celibacy as contrary to scriptural teaching. Subsequently, Protestant Christian churches dropped the requirement of celibacy for their ministers. 


Today, only the Orthodox Catholic Church and the eastern Catholic churches regularly ordain married men to as deacons and priests (but not as bishops, who must be either single or widowed), although marriage and remarriage is off-limits for single, divorced, and widowed clerics after ordination. 


The Latin rite of the Catholic Church currently ordains married former ministers who converted from mostly mainline Protestant Christian denominations to Catholicism, provided that they remain widowed should their wives predecease them. It ordains widowers and divorced men as well. It is in the Latin rite that the faithful are starting to feel the worldwide shortage of clergymen to administer the sacraments. 


Why Did the Church Implement Clerical Celibacy? 


Several factors contributed to the requirement of celibacy, widowerhood, and continence for single, widowed, and married clerics, respectively. The prevailing reason is the desire to follow the example of Jesus Christ, who was single himself. Another reason is the desire to devote more time to ministry, as per Paul's recommendation in 1 Corinthians 7:8, 25-33. Some speculated that the church instituted clerical celibacy to prevent ecclesiastical property from being passed to the wives and children of clerics, or keep the ministers pure of defilement from copulation, which the church no longer holds today. 


Some of you are complaining, "But you have still not said how this relates to solving the issue of clerical celibacy!" Well, let me explain how the church can allow both its single and widowed clerics, respectively, to get married and remarried. 


How Can the Catholic Church Let Its Single and Widowed Ministers Get Married and Remarried While Remaining Faithful to Tradition? 


Before we discuss the solution to the issue of clerical celibacy, we must acknowledge that the Catholic Church have enacted laws that govern the requirements for its clergy, which include celibacy. Some examples are: 

(Canon 277.1): Clerics are obliged to observe perfect and perpetual continence for the sake of the Kingdom of Heaven. They are therefore bound to celibacy. Celibacy is a special gift of God by which sacred ministers can more easily remain close to Christ with an undivided heart, and can dedicate themselves more freely to the services of God and their neighbor. Clerics are to behave with due prudence in relation to persons whose company can be a danger to their obligation of preserving continence or can lead to scandal of the faithful. 
(Canon 1087): Those who are in sacred orders invalidly attempt marriage. 
(Canon 1042): The following are simply impeded from receiving orders: 1.) a man who has a wife, unless he is lawfully destined to the permanent diaconate. 
Indeed, the canons bar ordination for married laymen, marriage for single clerics, and remarriage for clerics. However, does canon 1087 specify to whom single and widowed clerics cannot get married? I do not think so. Does canon 1042 specify in which state is a married man unable to receive orders? No. 

Therefore, the Catholic Church can do something to get around the ambiguities in these canons and allow ordination of married men and marriage for single clerics as well as remarriage for widowed clerics. How can we do that? The answer is very simple: narrow the definition "laity", such as this one as defined in paragraph 31 of Lumen gentium, promulgated by Pope Paul VI in 1964 November 21 (my revised translation): 



The term laity is here understood to mean all the faithful except those in holy orders and those in the state of religious life specially approved by the Church. These faithful are by baptism made one body with Christ and are constituted among the People of God; they are in their own way made sharers in the sacerdotal, prophetic, and kingly functions of Christ; and they carry out for their own part the mission of the whole Christian people in the Church and in the world. 
That is, we must define "laity" as a group that belongs to neither clergy or religious institutes. This way, the church can revise its canon law to prohibit marriage and remarriage of single and widowed clergy only to laywomen, allowing the former to settle down with women in the religious institutes (though a laywoman can join any religious institute should she fall in love with a cleric, which is some sort of practical).

Furthermore, the church must organize the religious institutes as orders of their own, in addition to the orders of bishop, priest, and deacon. This way, we can give the voice to women without having to ordain them as bishops, priests, and deacons. (Medievalist Nathaniel Campbell originally had this idea, so I credit him for that.) Make membership in any religious institute an impediment to the sacred orders. For example, a monk or a friar may not become a priest unless he leaves the religious institute of which he is a member. This would eliminate instances of having regular clergy, who are members of religious institutes, and secular clergy, who are not. Furthermore, this would allow single and widowed clerics who take no vow of chastity to be free to get married and remarried to whom they want, as long as they are not laywomen. 


Of course, we cannot expect the Catholic hierarchy to do these steps very immediately. I think that the Catholic Church is still in the process of getting used to having married clergy (again) alongside celibate clergy, so it needs a long period of adjustment. This adjustment consist of the following steps: 

Step 1.) For now, the Catholic hierarchy could ordain more and more mature, sane, and non-predatory older widowed fathers, whose children are all grown up and financially independent, and it should. As the entire Catholic Church is getting more used to them, the hierarchy can take steps to ordain married fathers. 

Step 2.) The Catholic hierarchy is ready to ordain mature, sane, and non-predatory married fathers, whose children are all grown up and financially independent. It would later take further steps to allow single and widowed clerics to get married and remarried, but only to women in the religious institutes. 

Step 3.) The Catholic hierarchy now both recruits married fathers to the clergy, and allow both single and widowed clerics to get married and remarried and raise families of their own. 

Step 4.) The Catholic hierarchy ordains only older men as priests. After all, the English word priest came ultimately from the Greek masculine comparative adjective presbuteros, which means, "older". Then, the hierarchy decides to have each priest specialize in only one specific sacrament. That is, the first category of priests would only perform baptisms. The second category would only do confessions. The third category would only officiate at marriages. The fourth category would only anoint the sick. The fifth category would preside at funerals. The sixth category would only celebrate the Eucharist.

You may ask, "How can we even support clergymen with large families without having to resort to increased stipend or tithing?

There is a simple solution to that. We could simply have the clergy contract a type of arrangement wherein they can pool their resources, thereby passing the property to other clergymen should one of them die, instead of their family, preventing nepotism and corruption. Their wives could do the same. 

In addition to that, we need more orthodox and more conservative formation of the clergy if the Catholic ministry is to survive. Of course, the Catholic Church will never permit divorce and marriage between two persons of the same gender.

Conclusion 

Everybody deserves a life full of happiness, ease, and serenity. We must leave nobody starving for healthy relationships, especially with the opposite gender. I wrote this article out of concern for single and widowed Catholic clergymen struggling with living alone and without support from a wife. Marriage is definitely enjoying though not absolutely blissful. If the Catholic Church to avoid being included among those mentioned in 1 Timothy 4: 1-3, allowing limited clerical marriage may be the answer. You can comment on this article, as long as it is polite. You may even suggest other ideas on solving the celibacy issue on the comments section, but make sure to be polite.

I post this article at the risk of being scrutinized by many.